“You’re probably referring to the very common progression C G Am F.”
I had to look it up.
across several genres of music. It involves the I, V, vi, and IV chords;
As for traditional songs using those chords, my grasp of musical theory
is very limited, but I don’t think the accompaniment to a traditional
song is intrinsically linked to it – the accompaniment is created independently, and can therefore indicate non-Jewish influence.