Yes, it’s called the Theory of Special Relativity. The formula for figuring out how time passes is called the Lorentz Equation. It’s hard to wrap your brain around it, but bekitzur it’s like this.
Einstein proved that speed is always relative except light. Vos zugst du? Lemme explain. If I’m standing still, and my father drives passed me, I see a car driving at 87 mph. But if I’m riding a bike at 17 mph and he passes me, I only see him driving 70 mph. Because motion is relative to the motion of whatever is measuring it. Except for the speed of light. When I turn on a flashlight, imagine it to be a gun shooting out tiny little balls called “photons”. Photons travel at 186,000 miles per second. Scientists call that number “c”. So if I’m shining a flashlight and the beam passes my Tatti, he sees photons fly past him at 186 thousand miles per second. But let’s say he’s flying in a super rocket that’s traveling at 100,000 mps. He does not see the photos from my flashlight travel at 86,000 mps, he sees them traveling at the same speed I see them. Because when he’s going faster, time is going slower. So he sees me and everything around me moving faster, (and if he keeps up the pace soon I will be older than him) including the light beam.
Hope that helps.