Avira, your description is theoretic. Batei din were not blind to social conditions: They stopped death penalties when murders increased so that there was no more deterrent; During BM2, there were Persian, Greeks, Romans, Hashmonai Kings; Tzdukim; Zealots, etc who had their own powers, not always in line w/ Batei dinim. There were Jews in Alexandria who lived by their own rules, I believe…
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