The Rambam, the Chovos HaLevavos, and many, many others proved intellectually that a Higher Power created the world, and that He gave us the Torah.
Actually the Rambam never proved this. He says in the Guide (don’t have it offhand but if you want a source I will gladly find it for you) that we believe it and have good reason to believe it, but he also says that one who does not have the tradition that we do can sit all his life honestly trying to figure it out but he may never figure out beyond a shadow of a doubt that God created the world.
Another notable quote of the Rambam is in Teshuvos HaRambam (Jerusalem: Mekize Nirdamim, 1989) p. 488: