Allow me to quote the Ben Ish Chai on that gemarah in Pesachim that was quoted earlier. After giving his explanation of the gemarah there on 94b, he adds:
???? ????’ ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???…??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????
If you would say the nature of the world changed, I could understand that. I think I saw in the Yalkut MeAm Loez that there were a number of times that the teva changed. But especially with regards to the sun where it is clear that chaza”l knew the earth was round, I mean there’s a Mishnah, Zohar, Talmud Bavli, Yerushalmi and Midrash all saying that the world is round, it’s hard for me to hear that they ‘didn’t know’. The gemarah is Torah she’ba’al peh- how can it be wrong?
I do not think that I have all the answers. But I do think that all the answers are out there and available to those who search. hofach bah v’hofach bah. The chisaron is in my yidiyah not in chaza”l’s Torah.
You are making this into a philosophical question g_a_w: do I have all of life’s answers? We are talking on a practical level. No, I can’t explain the deepest kabbalistic secrets and while Shlomo HaMelech could, maybe he couldn’t explain even deeper secrets than that. But I am sure he could explain everything else based on the Torah.