I’d stick to 5 broad areas for defining hashkafa:
1- The values of isolation
2- The values of secular culture (they are not two sides of the same coin, at least not to this MO)
3- What is a gadol
4- The definition of minhag yisrael. (MO see it more in terms of what acharonim call “minhag” and what actual kehillos actually practiced “bshita” while charedim see it more broadly)
5- The dreaded “Mem” word.