Beis Din today is authorized by halacha to do so, but obviously cannot do so under non-Jewish rule and law (by force of the gentiles.) If the secular authorities empowered Beis Din to carry this out, they could do so today. Many times in Jewish history the non-Jewish authorities gave the Jewish community jurisdiction over fellow Jews to mandate Torah law.
For the very same reason today if a Beis Din orders a husband to issue his wife a divorce and he refuses, though they are empowered by halacha to beat him into submission — including in golus here in modern times, they simply cannot do so due to gentile law. Not too long ago, BD did have authority from the goyim to enforce their rule.