Come on, yitayningwut…
Scotch and Bourbon are both Whiskeys. Bourbon must be from Kentucky, be at least (i think) 50% corn and aged for a minimum of three years in a NEW charred oak abrrel (which cannot be reused). If it is made outside of Kentucky, like Jack Daniel’s, it is called Sour Mash. If there is no oak barrel or aging, it is called Moonshine and is illegal because it doesn’t follow the above.
Scotch is a whiskey that has to be made in Scotland. They do not have the same laws regarding new oak barrels, so they typically will purchase old barrels from American distilleries. i.e. The Lagavulin Scotch you may be drinking could very well have been aged in an old Jim Beam or Jack Daniel’s oak barrel.
The problem with some scotches is that they are aged in barrels that have been used in countries like Spain for sherry and wine. I won’t go into the halacha here. Ask you own LOR about kashrus.
Vodka is clear alcohol usually distilled from potatoes and it is not aged or placed in barrels (hence it being clear). It is not a whiskey at all.