yitzyshalom
The Rambam that you are talking about is in “Shmoneh Prakim. And in actuality the third “Kat” (in English group) are those that realize that Chazal’s knowledge of science was far more then what was known to scientists in their days as is obvious from mush of the Talmud and as such they realize that if Chazal wrote something that from a scientific perspective is inaccurate then it must be they had a deeper intent.
The group of fools in the Rambam’s words are those who think Chazal only knew what was known in their days.
I know everyone loves claiming the Rambam held differently but what I just wrote is what the Rambam states quite clearly in Shemonah Prakim.
What you qouted from Rav Yitzchok Berkowitz is a tekoff of the Ramchal in Mamar Aggods where the Ramchal states that Chazal often employed the science of their day as “allegories” to write things they wanted to be written down so people who knew how to understand it would and would be able to learn it but those it was not meant for would have no idea what Chazal meant.