It is not helpful to compare differences among Jews by comparing them to differences among Christians, unless you actually understand the differences among Christians. (You also have to understand the differences among Jews.) And you won’t learn the differences among Christians by studying Torah.
A Protestant Christian once told me that the differences among mainstream Protestant denominations are so slight that most Protestants select their sects based upon the personalities of the church ministers in their neighborhoods, which implies that the doctrinal differences, if any, are insignificant. My informant may be right about some Protestant sects, but the fundamentalist Protestant sects seem to genuinely believe that mainstream Protestants sects are so doctrinally wrong that they do not regard them worthy of the name “Christian.”
I for one do not consider it appropriate to consider Jews to be divided into “sects”. I think the concept of “sect” is alien to Torah. Jews differ in the ways they interpret Torah and in their understanding of what Hashem expects from us. Reform Judaism seems to think Hashem wants us to be nice to everyone everyday and go to shul twice a year. Some Orthodox think the opposite: go to shul everyday and be obnoxious to everyone twice a year.