American chareidim are closer (in many senses) to Israeli chareidim than they are to DL/RZ/MO.
Depends on who and how. But in EY, they would not be called Charaidim.
In many ways, the use of the term in America was intentional to make people here identify with Charaidim in EY (a cynic would say so that we would give them more money, as they are our “type”).
Rav Moshe used the term “Yeraim”, which is probably more accurate than “Quaker”.