Mamale
“So if 77% of Jews lived in cities, and 80% of Jews throughout all of Poland were recongnizably Jewish, how exactly were 2/3 of the Jews in the cities not religious as you contend?”
I’ll take this one.
I’m not sure why you equate “recognizably Jewish” with “religious” there are many today who are recongniizably Jewish today based on accent/self identification/Name etc (many celebreties come to minnd” yet unfortunalty arent religous. This was more true then when yiddish was widely spoken making identification of the irreligous bundists as Jewish quite easy.