Chasidish garb is simply more or less the same garb Jews wore 200 and more years ago. Non-Chasidim wore those garbs too but over time, often due to force by the non-Jewish governments, stopped dressing as such.
You can find photos of Yekkes with long curly payos like the Chasidim. Shtreimels were worn by misnagdim. And long rekels were the norm in Lita until the Russian government passed a law against it and starting beating Jews who continued wearing it.