Even German Jews had beards and long curly peyos. Many people think that is a Chasidishe things, but really until not too long ago Jewish boys and men having a beard, long peyos, wearing a long kapote and a shtreimal was universal across Jewish men. (At least in Europe. In the Levant the Jewish men had their own unique headcovering that differed from European Jews. But interestingly enough the Jews in Teiman – Yemen – also have the peyos, though they use another term to refer to it by.)
At the time these oppressive anti-religious laws were passed, Russia included Lithuania and Poland. In Western Europe the Jews started to stop dressing very ostensibly Jewish due to the increasing secularization wrought upon us by the haskala, Reform, and various secular forces such as communism, bundism, etc.