a) Source for this?
b) No idea what you’re argument is here. You have two healthcare systems, one a majority of users are happy with and another most aren’t. Why would anybody champion the latter? And I’ve no idea how you manage to bring Torah into this, these are contrasting healthcare structures, not ethics.
c) I wouldn’t say vastly more limited. And if we’re to bring anecdotal evidence into this argument, I too have some firsthand experience. A friend from the UK suffered a rare condition, and the NHS paid to put her up abroad for a couple of months and receive neutron therapy.
d) These countries may be small, but they also eat a lot of meatballs. How size (or meatball consumption) makes any difference to why their economic model wouldn’t work in the US is something you haven’t explained.
e) If they’re failing, it’s only because they aren’t broad enough. Welfare eligibility rules are designed to encourage independence have achieved the opposite effect. For example, many states impose strict work requirements, states which loosen these rules actually see recipients move to higher wage, higher benefit work, presumably because they have the breathing room to search for a good job rather than take the first one that comes along.