Gregaaron, regarding the hydrant, if c”v there is a fire there is clear danger to life from the parked car. Alternate side regulations are for the purpose of facillitating streetcleaning so violators might be considered to be damaging the public. Regarding the rest, they are in the category of rodef. Moreover, from the Gemara (Baba Metzia 83b-84a) we see that while it is inappropriate for a talmid chacham an ordinary Jew may become a police detective and certainly one who apprehends criminals in the act or who have already been discovered (see Bet Yosef, citing the Responsum of the Rashba, Hoshen Mishpat 388).
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