HaLeiVi:
Your second point of Rashi, when the heavenly orbs were set in, it was night of Wednesday in Eretz Yisroel. Over here in “the States” it did not shine yet, so what’s the problem? Besides, maybe HaShem gave the world “a spin” only after Wednesday?
As to your general contention, I believe there was some obstinate Rabbi long ago who got lost and thought Friday to be Shabbos. Until he was a guest at the home of a sharp minded Rabbi, who straightened things out..