Does that mean that each of her son’s died after a relatively short service a kohan gadol?
The Gemorah that relates this story clearly states the details of how Yeshaivov and Yosef became the Kohanim Gedolim and neither of them involved any deaths.
The better question is that she was during Bayis Sheni where the Kehuna was bought and many undeserving Kohanim became Kohen Gadol. So what is the Ma’ale here?
The Maharsha says that Yishmael Ben Pavi who served for 10 years was the son of Kimchis. (Although he says if for a more compelling reason.)