It is a mitzva for every able-bodied Jew to serve in the Israeli army in some capacity, even those who have exemptions in non-emergency cases.(Rambam Hilchot Melachim 7:4). Even women should do some support work (ibid with Ridbaz). If someone is really learning (and not just listed) he might be given an exemption but really he should begin every day with a statementthat he is learning for the success of the Army. One cannot compare Israel in its present situation to America even during WW2.
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