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After several years of learning Gemara we pick up a reasonable enough understating of Aramaic. However, that’s only good enough to understand it. When it comes to writing you find that you aren’t really proficient at all.
What is the plural suffix, yud or vav? There are examples of both. In fact, there’s also a vav inserted before the last letter. What are the rules?
How would you say, “I said”? Is it אמרית or אמרי? I believe you find both.
Rashi in Eiruvin 93 uses פליגי to mean ‘I argue’. The Bach changes it to פליגנא. But that is really a fancy version. It is akin to ‘we argue’. But, I don’t recall any פלגית or פלגאי, but perhaps פליגי is just fine and ‘they argue’ is pronounced פליגֵי while ‘I argue’ is פליגִי.
Look at Rabbenu Bachaya Devarim (33,25) on the word davecha targum conjugated like Hebrew.
Even in Hebrew the female version can be, to provide mesapka or masapekes.
About 100 years ago someone reported finding one of the lost Mesechtas of Shas. A Mesechta that hadn’t been seen in many many hundreds of years. People, including Talmidei Chachomim, believed and accepted it initially. But after a few months people started noticing subtle errors that proved it was a forgery, albeit written by someone who was very well acquainted with Gemorah and Aramaic to fool people for quite a bit.
Grammar is the correct spelling.
The Yerushalmi on Kodshim was found a while back. The Rambam says that we must believe that the whole Torah is with us from Moshe Rabenu. No new finds.
One should remember that Aramaic (still a living language) has been around, based on literary records, for at least 3000 years, and the texts Yidden are likely to encounter cover a period well over 1000 years – AND LIVING LANAGUAGES EVOLVE OVER TIME. Compared to English over the millenia, Aramaic is relatively consistent. While Daniel could probably chat with the Amoraim, they would have sound very strange to each other. Do not be shocked in one encounters greater variety in Aramaic than is the case of Lashon Kodesh, since the importance of Tanach tended to slow down the natural tendency of languages to evolve over time.
The Rabbenu Bachaya says that המלה בלולה משתי לשונות, it is a mix of Hebrew and Aramaic like arseinu a bed.
Jews spoke a judaicized aramaic, similar to yiddish. I don’t think they had to adhere to very strict dikduk rules like lashon kodesh
Eres is hebrew too; it’s in tehilim, the kapitel we say by nefilas apayin
What Akuperma pointed out is very relevant.
I would like to add that the Talmudim and the Targum were spoken and intended for recital. The nuances of speech is very different than rules of grammar. And a third point. The classical Semites had less grammar than the classical Greeks. As they wrote in verse, they had much more flexibility than had they ascribed to logically dictated structures.
> LIVING LANAGUAGES EVOLVE OVER TIME
it was also spoken over multiple countries leading to geographic differences.
Dear Haleivei,
I was just explaining why Semitic grammar is harder to pick up, than the grammar of European languages. To do so from merely studying the gemara, takes a genius.
We can learn much from the targum on chumash.
I thought an Aramaic grammer was someone who sends a telegram in Aramaic.
> sends a telegram in Aramaic.
might be shorter than English when paying per letter. But Chinese is even better.
AAQ: Telegrams charge per word, not per letter
Hence all the creative ways of making “one word” inclusive of multiple words.
Maybe one who sings in Aramaic about an individual is a grammer in yiddish.
ujm, sorry for the confusion, did not send a telegram for a long time.
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