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A relatively recent baal teshuvah asked me the following over Shabbos. What if you go to a kiddush or elsewhere and you finish eating and you don’t have a bentcher for bracha acharona or bentching handy if you don’t know it by heart? I told him I always carry a small bentcher, but what is the proper answer to the question?
If the kiddush is in shul, there should be a siddur around. Otherwise, he can ask someone who does know it baal peh to say it (without Hashem’s name) and he repeats after him. If the other person ate and needs to say a brachah acharonah, he can say it out loud, and your friend can listen and answer amen. They should both have in mind that one is helping the other discharge his obligation.
Since the person in question knows ahead of time that he doesn’t know the bracha acharona by heart, he should forgo eating at the kiddush until and unless he, somehow, arranges to have a copy of the bentsching available.
If one drank a reviis [3.3 ounces] of wine or grape juice and does not know how to say al hegefen by heart, he should recite borei nefashos instead. The same applies to all foods, even bread. See Igros Moshe of HaGaon HaRav Moshe Feinstein Orach Chaim 1:74 and Kaf HaChaim 102:79.
The Mishnah Berura brings (202:42, see also 202:55 and 208:62) that if you say Borei Nefashos when you are required to make an Al HaMichya you are not yotzei even B’Dieved. You must says Boruch Shem… and then make an Al HaMichya. Even in a case where there is a Safek to say Al HaMichya or not, or if you ate something that requires Al HaMichya but did not eat the Shiur, you do not make Borei Nefashos, since these are two separate brachos that have no relationship to one another.
There are however a number of opinions that Borei Nefashos is a catch-all bracha like Shehakol. Therefore writes the Piskei Tsahuvos (208:1), although we do not pasken like these opinions even in a case of a safek, if a person does not know the Bracha Mei’ein Shalosh by heart and will lose out from making any bracha achrona, it this case he may make a Borei Nefashos and be somaich on these opinions.
Still says the Piskei Tshuvos, if he later is able to make a Bracha MaiEin Shalosh from a Siddur before digestion has ended, he should say Boruch Shem.. and then say the Bracha MeiEin Shalosh.
OP: You “always carry” a small bentcher, even on Shabbos – when it is forbidden by Torah law to carry?
blubluh – NO. He can wash by the Kiddush, make hamotzi, and have in mind that he will continue his seuda at home [where he has a siddur]. In that case he is not obligated to make a bracha achrona in his original location. The same would apply by mezonos, according to many poskim.
7-month old thread
Mik5: Would he have to eat at home within 70min then?
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