Seventy to eighty percent of mothers experience the “baby blues,” but a staggering one in seven go on to develop postpartum depression—making it the most common complication of childbirth.

The perinatal period—from the start of pregnancy through the first year after childbirth—can be a time of great excitement and joy, but for many, it is also marked by mental health challenges. In frum communities, where we place a strong value on having children and have high birth rates, awareness of perinatal mood disorders is especially important.

Postpartum depression is a form of clinical depression that occurs after giving birth, typically within the first few weeks or months, but can last for quite a while if untreated. It can affect a mother’s mood, energy, sleep, appetite, and ability to bond with her baby or care for herself and her family.

The “baby blues” refer to a short-lived period of mood swings, tearfulness, anxiety, and irritability that many new mothers experience in the first few days after childbirth.

Postpartum depression (PPD) can result from various factors: hormonal fluctuations, the physical recovery from childbirth, and sleep deprivation. Individuals with a personal or family history of depression or anxiety, a traumatic or stressful birth experience, limited social support, or additional life stressors are at elevated risk.

The transition to motherhood is a major life shift, and many women find themselves overwhelmed by the demands of caring for a newborn. A woman may enter motherhood with high expectations, only to be surprised by how difficult it is. The pressure to “get everything right” can contribute to feelings of inadequacy and disappointment. Some may struggle to bond with their baby, leading to guilt or sadness.

What surprises many is that nearly 10% of fathers also experience postpartum depression. Hormonal shifts, increased stress, and sleep loss all play a role. Unfortunately, stigma and a lack of awareness often prevent men from seeking help.

Symptoms of PPD can include:

• Persistent sadness or hopelessness
• Irritability and mood swings
• Fatigue and low energy
• Difficulty bonding with the baby
• Sleep disturbances
• Appetite changes
• Trouble concentrating or making decisions
• In severe cases, thoughts of death or suicide

Treatment options include therapy, medication, support groups, and lifestyle changes.

The baby blues typically resolve within two weeks after childbirth. If symptoms persist beyond that, it may indicate a perinatal mood disorder. If you or someone you love is experiencing these symptoms, it’s important to approach the situation with empathy and concern. Normalize the challenges of postpartum adjustment and offer concrete support—such as helping find a therapist, watching the baby, or simply listening without judgment.

Sleep is vital to mental health. Offering to care for the baby so a parent can rest can be tremendously helpful. Reducing social isolation is also key; spending time with the new parent can make a big difference. Instead of saying, “Let me know if you need anything,” offer something specific: “Can I bring you a meal?” or “How about I hold the baby while you shower?” This reduces the pressure on the parent to ask for help and makes your support feel more genuine.

It takes a village to raise a child—and nowhere is this more true than when parents are struggling with postpartum mood disorders. These conditions are common and treatable. Awareness, detection, and timely intervention are essential. By being informed, empathetic, and proactive, you can make a real difference in someone’s mental health and well-being during this vulnerable time.

Chayi Hanfling is a licensed clinical social worker who is experienced and passionate in helping individuals, families, and couples. She specializes in couples counseling, EFT, women’s health, anxiety management, OCD, trauma, and other mental health challenges. She can be reached at www.chaicounseling.org or [email protected]